The Parisian club has now claimed the prestigious cup on fourteen separate occasions.
The Parisian giants required a stoppage-time leveler followed by a successful penalty shootout to get past Marseille in Kuwait and secure a record-extending fourth consecutive French Super Cup victory.
The Champions League holders seemed to be coasting towards a straightforward win in the match between the Ligue 1 champions and the Coupe de France winners after the French winger found the net early on.
However, Marseille fired two times late to take a surprise lead. First, Mason Greenwood scored from the penalty spot, before the defender unfortunately turned the ball into his own net for an own goal.
In a breathtaking twist of fortune, Goncalo Ramos snatched a crucial leveler in the dying moments to force the match into a penalty shootout. The Parisian shot-stopper Chevalier then stood as the key figure, stopping decisive kicks from Matt O'Riley and Hamed Traore.
In the shootout, Goncalo Ramos, Vitinha, Nuno Mendes, and Desire Doue all converted with composure for PSG to complete a convincing shootout win.
The record winners PSG, who met last season's Ligue 1 second-placed team Olympique de Marseille after completing a domestic double, have now won this trophy for the twelfth time in the last thirteen seasons.